Workshop appliances including descriptions of the gauging and measuring instruments, the hand cutting-tools, lathes, drilling, planing, and other machine-tools used by engineers by Shelley C. P. B. (Charles Percy Bysshe) 1827-1890

Author:Shelley, C. P. B. (Charles Percy Bysshe), 1827-1890
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Tools, Machine-tools
Publisher: London, Longmans, Green
Published: 1874-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

Fig. zoa

Fig. ioi.— Tumine Chisel and Gouge (0.

turner form a striking contrast, in point of number, to the phalanx which the maker of amateurs' lathes and his customers generally seem to agree in considering necessary. For soft wood, the former is satisfied with two or thiQe gouges and chisels of different sizes—the larger ones having handles of great length, as shown in Fig. loi—a parting4ooly and,

Workshop Appliances.

[Chap.

for occasional use, a side-tool, one form of which is given in Fig. 102. The rounded edge of the gouge, and the oblique doubly-bevelled edge of the chisel, should be noticed, as they differ, both in form and acnteness, from those of the joiners* tools, figured in Chapter II. For hard wood, the turner uses the same gouges, &c., merely grinding them at a more obtuse angle; and he also has frequent recourse to scraping tools, of the same character as the side-tool as regards their edges, but of various sizes and shapes. One of the most useful of these is the round tool (Fig. 103), which

Fig. xoa.—Parting-Tool and Side-Tool (|>.

Fig. 103.—Round Tool (4).

almost takes the place of a gouge for roughing out brass and other hard but not stubborn materials. Various moulding-tools, of more or less complicated forms, are to be met with at tool-dealers*, but rarely at turners*, shops. The latter generally prefer to use as simple a tool as possible, in special cases altering its form to suit their purpose. A good grindstone, ready for use at any moment, is therefore a first essential to the turner, a§ it is indeed to everyone whose work depends upon the efficient state of his cutting tools. With soft materials especially, no amount of skill or sand-

v.]

Screw-Chasing Tools,

ISI

paper will remedy the evils which result from working with blunt or badly-sharpened tools; and the first lesson which should be learnt by every would-be turner, is the art of • using his grindstone and oilstone with speed and effect. The edges of turning-tools which are intended for soft wood should be ground to an angle of from 20° to 30°; those for hard wood, to from 40® to 80®; whilst those which are to be used for brass may even exceed this latter angle, having sometimes a thickness of as much as 90®. In grinding turning gouges, of which the edges possess the double curvature which gives them the circular or elliptical outline seen in the above figure—^and the sides may often be advantageously ground away even more than is there represented—the wrist motion

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